๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ

Algorithm/BOJ

(36)
[BOJ] ๋ถ€๋…€ํšŒ์žฅ์ด ๋ ํ…Œ์•ผ (#2775) ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ‰์†Œ ๋ฐ˜์ƒํšŒ์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผํฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ธฐํšŒ์— ๋ถ€๋…€ํšŒ์žฅ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ๊ฐ ์ธต์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋ชจ์•„ ๋ฐ˜์ƒํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ตœํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, “a์ธต์˜ bํ˜ธ์— ์‚ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•„๋ž˜(a-1)์ธต์˜ 1ํ˜ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ bํ˜ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ•ฉ๋งŒํผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค์™€ ์‚ด์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค” ๋Š” ๊ณ„์•ฝ ์กฐํ•ญ์„ ๊ผญ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์— ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ง‘์€ ์—†๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๊ณ„์•ฝ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ  ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์–‘์˜ ์ •์ˆ˜ k์™€ n์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด k์ธต์— nํ˜ธ์—๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•˜๋ผ. ๋‹จ, ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์—๋Š” 0์ธต๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ์ธต์—๋Š” 1ํ˜ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 0์ธต์˜ iํ˜ธ์—๋Š” i๋ช…์ด ์‚ฐ๋‹ค. ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค„์— Test case์˜ ์ˆ˜ T๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž…๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค„์— ..
[BOJ] ๊ตฌํ˜„ - ๋‹จ์–ด๊ณต๋ถ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ ๋Œ€์†Œ๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค. ๋‹จ, ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž์™€ ์†Œ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ฒซ์งธ ์ค„์— ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ ๋Œ€์†Œ๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋Š” 1,000,000์„ ๋„˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ถœ๋ ฅ ์ฒซ์งธ ์ค„์— ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์„ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ?๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•ด์„ค ์ฝ”๋“œ words = input().upper() new_words = list(set(words)) # ์ค‘๋ณต์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด words ๋ฐฐ์—ด ๋งŒ๋“ฆ new_array = [] for x in new_words: cnt = words.count(x) # new_words ์™€ ..
[BOJ] ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋”” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ - ๊ฑฐ์Šค๋ฆ„๋ˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํƒ€๋กœ๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ JOI์žกํ™”์ ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค. JOI์žกํ™”์ ์—๋Š” ์ž”๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ 500์—”, 100์—”, 50์—”, 10์—”, 5์—”, 1์—”์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์Šค๋ฆ„๋ˆ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์ž”๋ˆ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค. ํƒ€๋กœ๊ฐ€ JOI์žกํ™”์ ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์นด์šดํ„ฐ์—์„œ 1000์—” ์ง€ํ๋ฅผ ํ•œ์žฅ ๋ƒˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๋ฐ›์„ ์ž”๋ˆ์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ž”๋ˆ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค. ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ž…๋ ฅ์€ ํ•œ์ค„๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์žˆ๊ณ , ํƒ€๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•  ๋ˆ(1 ์ด์ƒ 1000๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜ ์ •์ˆ˜) 1๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ ธ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ถœ๋ ฅ ์ œ์ถœํ•  ์ถœ๋ ฅ ํŒŒ์ผ์€ 1ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž”๋ˆ์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋งค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค. ๋‚˜์˜ ์ฝ”๋“œ money = int(input()) after = 1000 - money count = 0 array = [500,100,50,10,5,1] # count ๊ฐ’์€ after๊ฐ’์— arr..
[BOJ] ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋”” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ - ์„คํƒ•๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ƒ๊ทผ์ด๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ์„คํƒ•๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ์„คํƒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ทผ์ด๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‚ฌํƒ•๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์— ์„คํƒ•์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ Nํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„คํƒ•๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์„คํƒ•์€ ๋ด‰์ง€์— ๋‹ด๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ด‰์ง€๋Š” 3ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ด‰์ง€์™€ 5ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ด‰์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ทผ์ด๋Š” ๊ท€์ฐฎ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์€ ๋ด‰์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 18ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์„คํƒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ, 3ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ด‰์ง€ 6๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๋„ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, 5ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ 3๊ฐœ์™€ 3ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ 1๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋” ์ ์€ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ด‰์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ทผ์ด๊ฐ€ ์„คํƒ•์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ Nํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋ด‰์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค. ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ฒซ์งธ ์ค„์— N์ด ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. (3 ≤ N ≤ 5000) ์ถœ๋ ฅ ์ƒ๊ทผ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ด‰์ง€์˜ ์ตœ์†Œ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ, ์ •..